Guidance needed for phd applications

Hello everyone,

I am planning to apply for PhD programs in Japan and would appreciate any guidance on the application process. Specifically, I’d like to know whether I should apply directly to the universities or if it’s necessary to first contact professors and secure their approval before submitting an application.

Additionally, if I get accepted into a PhD program, I plan to learn Japanese alongside my studies. I’m also curious about the job prospects in Japan after completing a PhD.

For context, my master’s degree is in Energy Engineering.

Thank you in advance for your help!