Visa, certificate of health

My apologies as I’m sure this board will be inundated with questions like this for the next few weeks, and I am probably jumping the gun anyway, but-

The visa requirement, is that totally on me or will my embassy contact me with instructions, etc?

The certificate of health, can I just go to a doctor and get a simple physical, or do I need to request something specific? (Obviously, I guess I could just ask for a certificate of health…)

Tacking this on for good measure, those of you in Japan who wear contacts, how do you go about getting those / is it a simple process? I order from 1800-contacts, which I suppose I could continue doing…

Sorry for what are probably dumb questions, but thanks in advance.

by couchwizard69